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Flame-retardant and antibacterial polyimide nonwoven fabric for high-end civilian home and apparel applications.

Feb 26,2026

The polyimide molecular structure contains stable aromatic heterocyclic rings, endowing it with exceptional high-temperature resistance (decomposition temperature > 500℃) and low smoke generation—performance that far exceeds that of conventional flame-retardant materials such as aramid 1313 and PBI fiber (polybenzimidazole fiber). Its limiting oxygen index (LOI) can reach over 38%, indicating that self-extinguishing properties can be achieved without the addition of any extra flame retardants. Moreover, polyimide fibers exhibit high tensile strength and modulus (for example, a 14.8 tex yarn has a tensile strength of up to 3.5 cN/dtex), enabling them to withstand mechanical impacts in fire environments.

Polyimide nonwoven fabric exhibits exceptional environmental stability. This material can operate reliably over a wide temperature range—from minus 100 degrees Celsius to plus 300 degrees Celsius for extended periods, and can briefly withstand temperatures exceeding 400 degrees Celsius. After prolonged exposure to an environment at 300 degrees Celsius, its fiber strength remains above half of its original value. Moreover, it is flame-retardant, with a limiting oxygen index as high as 30–40, meaning it cannot sustain combustion in ordinary air and will self-extinguish once removed from the ignition source. Additionally, during combustion, it does not produce molten droplets, significantly enhancing its safety.

Excellent physical and mechanical properties, high strength and high modulus, good dimensional stability, and low shrinkage rate under high-temperature conditions. Good chemical stability, resistant to chemical corrosion, hydrolysis, ultraviolet radiation, and radiation exposure.

It has a low thermal conductivity, resulting in excellent thermal insulation performance. It exhibits electrical insulation properties. It provides long-lasting antibacterial effects.

Fire-resistant clothing made from polyimide nonwoven fabric through Outer protective layer 、 Intermediate insulation layer (low thermal conductivity) 、 Inner comfort layer (improves moisture-wicking and sweat-transporting performance) Provide efficient flame-retardant and high-temperature-resistant protection.

Based on the application scenarios of polyimide nonwoven fabrics—such as high-temperature flue gas filtration, manufacturing special protective gloves, and battery separators—the first thing to focus on is: Grammage (weight per square meter, affecting thickness and strength) 、 Thickness 、 Fiber type (short fiber or nanofiber) 、 Post-processing (whether treated with water- and oil-repellent coatings, thickening, etc.) In terms of cutting, polyimide nonwoven fabrics can be cut using laser cutting or sharp die-cutting to achieve clean edges and prevent fiber fraying. For sewing applications—such as the manufacture of filter bags and protective garments—high-strength, heat-resistant aramid or PI threads must be used. The sewing process directly affects both the sealing performance and service life.

Applications of polyimide nonwoven fabrics:

1. High-temperature industrial filtration field

This is one of its most classic and important applications. In industries that generate high-temperature flue gases—such as iron and steel smelting, cement production, waste incineration, and coal-fired power plants—filter bags made from polyimide nonwoven fabrics serve as the core component of dust removal systems. These bags can operate reliably for extended periods in harsh environments characterized by high temperatures and highly corrosive flue gases, with a service life far exceeding that of traditional filter materials (such as PPS). They are a critical material for achieving efficient purification of high-temperature flue gases and ultra-low emissions.

2. Specialized Security Protection Field

Leveraging its long-lasting flame-retardant, high-temperature-resistant, and thermal-insulating properties, it has become an ideal material for specialized protective clothing—for example, flame- and fire-resistant suits used to protect armored troops, race car drivers, pilots, and firefighters. Moreover, its resistance to corrosion by chemical and biological agents also makes it an ideal substrate for specialized biodefense garments and highly effective protective face masks.

3. New Energy and Electrical Insulation Fields
In this emerging field, polyimide nonwoven fabrics are playing a crucial role. Among them, those produced by electrospinning technology... Nanofiber nonwoven fabric Due to its excellent heat resistance and porous structure, it is used as... High-performance lithium-ion battery separator It significantly enhances the safety and cycle life of batteries at high temperatures, and can even function effectively above 250 degrees Celsius, preventing thermal runaway in batteries. Meanwhile, its outstanding electrical insulation properties and high thermal resistance rating (from Class F to Class H) make it suitable for advanced electrical applications such as slot insulation for special motors and high-frequency, high-speed circuit boards.

4. Aerospace and High-End Civilian Applications
In the aerospace field, it serves as a lightweight, high-strength material that is resistant to extreme environments. Thermal insulation and insulating materials It is used for aircraft interiors, spacecraft cable jackets, and more. With advances in technology and declining costs, it is also making its way into everyday life—for example, as a material for... Ultra-thin thermal underwear and high-end outdoor apparel thermal insulation wadding, as well as those requiring long-lasting flame-retardant performance. Children's pajamas, hotel textiles, and pet blankets In household appliances, it is also used as an insulating material inside high-end hair dryers and electric heaters.