Aramid woven fabric used for the bulletproof layer in body armor and racing suits.

By adjusting the density of warp and weft yarns and the yarn count, aramid woven fabrics can be produced in a variety of basis weights.

From fibers to yarns, the spinning process of aramid requires special techniques to overcome its brittleness, which stems from its high modulus and low elongation. By optimizing the twisting process, we can impart the yarn with the necessary cohesion and flexibility. The subsequent warping and weaving stages represent the core of structural design. The choice of weave—such as plain weave, twill weave, or satin weave—is crucial: Plain weave features the greatest number of interlacing points, resulting in a tightly woven, strong, and abrasion-resistant fabric with a smooth surface; it is often used for the outer layers of fire-fighting suits or industrial filter fabrics that demand exceptional strength, stability, and sealing performance. Twill weave has fewer interlacing points, making the fabric softer, thicker, and more elastic; it is commonly employed in protective garments or composite material base fabrics that require both flexibility and resistance to wrinkling. Satin weave has the fewest interlacing points, yielding a fabric that is exceptionally soft, smooth, and lustrous—ideal for specialized composite prepregs or high-end protective gear linings where surface quality is paramount and friction-induced damage must be minimized.

Aramid woven fabric can withstand long-term use at temperatures up to 220°C, with a limiting oxygen index (LOI) exceeding 28%. When exposed to flame, it only chars without melting or dripping, making it a naturally flame-retardant and insulating material. Consequently, woven fabrics spun and woven from aramid 1313 fibers boast core advantages such as durable high-temperature insulation, excellent electrical insulation performance, outstanding resistance to chemical corrosion, and relatively superior dyeability and spinnability.

In terms of mechanical and structural performance, the tensile strength of aramid 1414 woven fabric far exceeds that of nylon, polyester, or glass fiber fabrics of the same specification. Its resistance to tearing, puncture, and bursting is particularly outstanding, enabling it to effectively dissipate and absorb impact energy. Moreover, thanks to the high modulus inherent in aramid fibers themselves, the fabric exhibits minimal deformation under stress and boasts excellent dimensional stability—factors that are crucial for precision structural reinforcement applications.

In the fields of thermal science and flame retardancy, aramid woven fabrics possess intrinsic flame-retardant properties without requiring any chemical post-treatment. When exposed to fire, these fabrics undergo only carbonization and swelling, forming a carbon layer that provides thermal insulation and oxygen isolation. Moreover, they do not produce molten droplets, thereby preventing secondary injuries. Aramid 1313 woven fabrics exhibit excellent long-term temperature resistance, while aramid 1414 can withstand even higher instantaneous thermal shocks. At elevated temperatures, their thermal shrinkage rates are extremely low—typically less than 1% in a 300°C environment—ensuring that protective gear or thermal insulation components will not fail due to shrinkage and deformation in the event of a fire or under high-temperature conditions, thus maintaining their full protective effectiveness.

In terms of chemical stability and durability, aramid woven fabrics exhibit excellent resistance to most organic solvents, oils, and industrial chemicals. They also demonstrate outstanding resistance to hydrolysis and can operate reliably over extended periods in humid environments as well as in certain acidic and alkaline conditions. After optimized treatment, their fatigue resistance, abrasion resistance, and weather resistance (including UV resistance) meet the requirements for long-term outdoor use. Moreover, as an organic polymer material, aramid fabrics possess superior insulating properties: they have high resistivity, low dielectric loss, and are thus ideal as high-temperature electrical insulation materials.

Application fields of aramid woven fabrics:

1. Personal Safety Protection and the Security Sector

Aramid 1313 woven fabric is the material of choice for the outer layer of firefighter firefighting suits. Its flame-retardant, high-temperature-resistant, and abrasion-resistant properties enable firefighters to venture deep into the heart of fire scenes. Aramid 1414 woven fabric, on the other hand, with its outstanding cut and tear resistance, serves as the core material for cut-resistant gloves, ballistic layers in body armor, racing suits, and high-voltage arc-flash protective garments. When used together, these two fabrics can create a multi-layered, all-around personal protective system—from an outer flame-retardant and thermal-insulating layer to an inner layer that provides cut resistance and impact protection.

2. Aerospace and National Defense & Military Industry领域

As a reinforcing skeleton for composite materials, aramid woven fabric, when combined with resin to form laminates, is used in the manufacture of aircraft fairings, interior cabin panels, helicopter rotor blades, and missile casings. By ensuring the required strength, this approach significantly reduces weight. Aramid woven fabric itself is also directly used to produce parachutes, deceleration parachutes, specialized airbags, and soft ballistic armor, meeting stringent reliability and functional requirements even under extreme environmental conditions.

3. Industrial Filtration and High-Temperature Operation Fields

Aramid woven fabrics exhibit excellent resistance to temperature, chemical corrosion, and dimensional stability. High-temperature flue gas filter bags made from aramid fabrics—especially those of type 1313—are widely used in industries such as cement, steel, carbon black production, and waste incineration. These bags can operate reliably and continuously in corrosive flue gas environments above 200°C for extended periods, offering high filtration efficiency and long service life. They are also ideal materials for high-temperature conveyor belts, insulating sleeves, high-temperature-resistant sealing gaskets, as well as protective curtains for high-temperature work sites such as welding and casting operations.

4. Sports Equipment and the Transportation Sector

The lightweight and high-strength properties of aramid woven fabrics are utilized in the manufacture of critical safety equipment such as climbing ropes and safety harnesses. In the transportation sector, these fabrics are also employed to reinforce automobile tire carcass cords and high-performance brake pad linings, enhancing durability and safety.

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